Australia’s reputation of producing high quality almonds has been at risk in recent years. Whilst California faces an ongoing battle with kernels damaged by Navel Orange Worm, we now face a similar situation with Carpophilus Beetle and Carob Moth damage. As California has shown in their current management practices, the solution is not simple and multiple approaches are needed. A holistic management program is required using available insecticide chemistry, biological control methods, best-practice harvesting techniques and orchard sanitation. It is critical that this issue is addressed by all growers in all regions to make it as hard as possible for survival of the pests during winter and spring. A major step towards achieving this is removing the maximum number of overwintering almonds from the orchard to reduce the food source and thereby lessening pest populations. This document provides the best management practices for orchard sanitation and hygiene based on seasonal activities. This fact sheet is supported by the Almond Board of Australia’s Production Committee. For those with little or no current damage from insects, efforts to ensure the pests do not establish themselves in the orchard are worthwhile as prevention is much better than cure.